It takes special trains to carry away the dead. [2006] (2006) The Bird Flu Pandemic.Goldsmith, Connie. We have lost an outrageous number of Nurses and Drs. Selected estimated numbers of deaths are indicated with a black line, across each relevant combination of case-fatality ratio and cumulative incidence.

Other key historical facts include the following: One of the earliest recorded pandemics occurred in 1580. Even though such viruses might theoretically develop into pandemic viruses, in.Previous pandemics have been characterized by waves of activity spread over months.

None of these outbreaks progressed to the next pandemic level possibly because none of these viruses were animal/human reassortants and, in case of the avian influenza outbreaks, aggressive efforts to eliminate the domestic animal reservoir were carried out.Page last modified: Influenza pandemics occur when a new strain of the influenza virus is transmitted to humans from another animal species. "Human influenza virus" usually refers to those subtypes that spread widely among humans. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response: A WHO Guidance Document. Two types of neuraminidase (N1 and N2) have a role in viru… Tables on the Clinical trials of pandemic influenza prototype vaccines. It reached North America in December 1889 and spread to Latin America and Asia in February of 1890.

Workshop Summary (2005)","Hazard in Hunt for New Flu: Looking for Bugs in All the Wrong Places","The Threat of Pandemic Influenza: Are We Ready?

Agency for International Development,National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,International Partnership on Avian and Pandemic Influenza,National Influenza Pandemic Preparedness Plan (NIPPP),"Avian Influenza: Molecular Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Host Range","World now at the start of 2009 influenza pandemic","Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza","Flu viruses 'can live for decades' on ice","Deadliest Catch: Elusive, evolving flu difficult to predict","Avian influenza ("bird flu") fact sheet","Viral diseases of the respiratory system","Pneumococcal and influenza vaccination: current situation and future prospects",CIDRAP – Center for Infectious Disease Research And Policy,"Hemagglutinin homologue from H17N10 bat influenza virus exhibits divergent receptor-binding and pH-dependent fusion activities","HHS ties pandemic mitigation advice to severity","1 The Story of Influenza: 1918 Revisited: Lessons and Suggestions for Further Inquiry","Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature","Transmissibility and geographic spread of the 1889 influenza pandemic","Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenza","1918 Influenza: the mother of all pandemics","Report of the Review Committee on the Functioning of the International Health Regulations (2005) in relation to Pandemic (H1N1) 2009","The 1918 influenza pandemic: insights for the 21st century","Why the coronavirus outbreak isn't likely to be a repeat of the 1918 Spanish flu","Mortality from pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza in England: public health surveillance study","First Global Estimates of 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Mortality Released by CDC-Led Collaboration","The age-specific cumulative incidence of infection with pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 was similar in various countries prior to vaccination","Epidemiological characteristics of 2009 (H1N1) pandemic influenza based on paired sera from a longitudinal community cohort study","Case fatality risk of influenza A (H1N1pdm09): a systematic review","Seasonal Incidence of Symptomatic Influenza in the United States","H1N1 fatality rates comparable to seasonal flu","Historical Estimates of World Population","Integrating historical, clinical and molecular genetic data in order to explain the origin and virulence of the 1918 Spanish influenza virus","World health group issues alert Mexican president tries to isolate those with swine flu",https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1968-pandemic.html,"WHO: Swine flu pandemic has begun, 1st in 41 years","Deadly new flu virus in U.S. and Mexico may go pandemic","Pre-existing immunity against swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses in the general human population","WHO Declares Official End to H1N1 'Swine Flu' Pandemic","Estimated global mortality associated with the first 12 months of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus circulation: a modelling study","Key Facts About Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) and Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus","Scientists Move Closer to Understanding Flu Virus Evolution","Genomic Signatures of Human versus Avian Influenza A Viruses","The Threat of Pandemic Influenza: Are We Ready? The 1889–1890 flu pandemic, also known as Russian Flu or Asiatic Flu, was first reported in May 1889 in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. A variant of H1N1 was responsible for the,In mid-April 2009, an H1N1 variant appeared in Mexico, with its center in Mexico City. Cost considerations aside, they fear that the countries with vaccine-manufacturing capability will reserve production to protect their own populations and not release vaccines to other countries until their own population is protected. For example, the Flu TElephone Survey Template (FluTEST) was developed for the UK Department of Health as a set of questions for use in national surveys during a flu pandemic.There are two groups of antiviral drugs available for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza: neuraminidase inhibitors such as,Many nations, as well as the World Health Organization, are working to stockpile,Both Tamiflu and Relenza are in short supply, and production capabilities are limited in the medium term.